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[RC] Another Interesting Paper:cramping - Ridecamp Guest

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Authors AP Jung, PA Bishop, A AlNawwas, RB Dale
Title   Influence of hydration and electrolyte supplementation on incidence and 
time to onset of exercise-associated muscle cramps
Full source     Journal of Athletic Training, 2005, Vol 40, Iss 2, pp 71-75

Context: Exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMCs) are common among physically 
active individuals and are temporarily disabling; therefore, prevention is of 
great interest. Objective: To determine the role of hydration and electrolyte 
supplementation in the prevention of EAMCs. Design: Each subject completed 2 
counterbalanced trials in a repeated-measures design. Setting: University of 
Alabama. Patients or Other Participants: College-aged men (n = 13) with a 
history of EAMCs. Intervention(s): In each trial, participants performed a 
calf-fatiguing protocol to induce EAMCs in the calf muscle group. Each trial 
was performed in a hot environment (dry bulb temperature of 37 degrees C, 
relative humidity of 60%). In the carbohydrate-electrolyte trial, subjects 
consumed, at a rate similar to sweat loss, a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage 
with sodium chloride added. In the hypohydration trial, subjects were not 
allowed to consume any fluids. Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured the 
incidence and time to onset of EAMCs. Results: Nine participants experienced 
cramps in the carbohydrate-electrolyte trial, compared with 7 in the 
hypohydration trial. Of the 7 individuals who had EAMCs in both trials, 
exercise duration before onset was more than doubled in the 
carbohydrate-electrolyte trial (36.8 +/- 17.3 minutes) compared with the 
hypohydration trial (14.6 +/- 5.0 minutes, P <= .01). Conclusions: Consumption 
of a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage before and during exercise in a hot 
environment may delay the onset of EAMCs, thereby allowing participants to 
exercise longer. However, it appears that dehydration and electrolyte loss are 
not the sole causes of EAMCs, because 69% of the subjects experienced EAMCs 
when they were hydrated and supplemented with electrolytes.


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